Manual Testing and QA Interview Questions

Manual Testing and QA Interview Questions

1) How to Conduct Software Testing?

> Software Testing can be done in two ways one is Manual Testing another is Test Automation or Automated Testing.

> Testing Computer software manually in order to find defects without using Test Tool or Automation Scripts is called Manual Testing.

> Testing Computer Software by using Test Tool or Automation Script is called as Automated Testing or Test Automation.
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2) What are SDLC Models?

We have so many SDLC models available in the IT industry, we can segregate them in to two categories.

a) Sequential Models (Waterfall, V Model etc…)
b) Incremental / Iterative models (Spiral model, Agile models etc…)
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3) What are Software Test Levels?

We have Four levels of Testing for General or independent Software Applications

i) Unit Testing Testing of individual software components.
Testers: Developers

ii) Integration Testing
Testing integration or interfaces between components, interactions to different parts of the system such as an operating system, file system and hardware.
Testers: Developers or Independent Testers

iii) System Testing
Testing an integrated System to verify that it meets specified requirements.
Testers: Independent Testers

iv) Acceptance Testing
User Acceptance Testing
Testers: Customers /End users

Operational Acceptance Testing
System Administration staff.

Certification Testing
Testers: Certified Testers

For distributed Software applications 5 levels of Testing

i) Unit Testing
ii) Component Integration Testing
iii) System Testing
iv) System Integration Testing
v) Acceptance Testing
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4) What are Software Test Types?

We have Four Test Types in Software Testing, but Two categories / Types are Important,

i) Functional Testing
Functionality Testing
Security Testing

ii) Non Functional Testing
Performance Testing
Usability Testing
Configuration Testing
Reliability Testing
Recovery Testing
Localization Testing etc…
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5) What are Software Test Design Techniques?

Basically, Software Test Design Techniques are Two Types,

i) Static Techniques

Static testing is the testing of the software work products manually, or with a set of tools, but they are not executed.
Example: Reviews, Walk trough, Inspection etc…

ii) Dynamic Techniques

> Testing that involves the execution of the software of a component or system.

a) White box Test design techniques
Statement testing
Condition testing
Decision testing etc…

b) Black box Test design techniques
Equivalence partitioning / Equivalent Classes
Boundary Value Analysis
Decision tables
State transition Testing
Use case Testing etc…

c) Experience based Techniques
Error Guessing
Exploratory Testing etc…

Manual Testing and QA Interview Questions and Answers

6) What is Software Test Process or Software Test Life Cycle?

Four Important Phases of Software Test process / Software Test Life Cycle.

i) Test Planning

Understanding and Analyzing the Requirements
Risk Analysis
Test Strategy implementations
Test Estimations(Scope, Time, Available resources, Budget etc…)
Team formation
Test plan documentation
Configuration management planning
Creating RTM document
Define Test Environment Setup

ii) Test Design

Understanding Requirements
Creating Test Scenarios
Test Case documentation
Test Data collection

iii) Test Execution

Verify Test Environment setup
Create test batches
Test Execution
Smoke Testing /BVT/BAT
Comprehensive Testing
Defect Reporting
Defect Tracking
Select Test cases for Regression Testing
Sanity Testing
Regression testing cycle 1
Defect Reporting
Defect Tracking
Select Test cases for Regression Testing
Sanity Testing
Regression testing cycle 2
.
.
.
Final Regression

iv) Test Closure

Collect all Artifacts
Evaluate the Exit Criteria
Test Summary Report
Sending Test deliverables to customer
Improvement suggestions for future projects.
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7) What are Software Quality Standards?

ISO (Terminology, Process guidelines etc…)
IEEE (Terminology, Test Documentation standards)
CMM/CMMI (Process)
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8) What are Software Test Documents?

i) Test Policy
A high level (company level) document describes principles, approach and major objectives of the organization regarding Testing.

ii) Test Strategy
A high level document of the Test Levels to be performed and the Testing within those levels for an Organization.

iii) Test Plan
A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of intended activities.

iv) Test Scenario
An item or event of a component or system that could be verified by one or more Test cases.

v) Test Case
A set of input values, execution preconditions, expected result and execution post conditions developed for a particular objective or Test condition.

vi) Test Data
Data that exits before a test is executed and that effects or is effected by the component or System under test.

vii) Defect Report
A document reporting of ant flaw in a component or System that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function.

viii) Test Summary Report
A document summarizing testing activities and Result. It also contains evaluation of the corresponding test items against exit criteria.
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9) Explain about the Domain Knowledge for Software Testers?

i) BFSI (Banking, Financial Services and Insurance)
ii) ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)
iii) Telecom
iv) Healthcare
v) Ecommerce
vi) Retail Market
Others (System Software, Games, Documentation software etc…)
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10) Explain about the Programming Knowledge for Software Testers.

Basically Software Testing Can be done in 2 ways,
i) Manual Testing
ii) Test Automation or Automated Testing

For Manual Testing no programming knowledge is required,
But for Test Automation Programming knowledge is required,

Data Types, Modifiers, Variables, Operators, Conditional & Loop Statements, Strings, Arrays, File Handling,
Functions / Methods, Exception Handling, OOPS- Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction, and Encapsulation.
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