Built in Methods in Java

Built-in Methods in Java, Categories of Java built-in methods, Java String methods, Java Number Methods, Java Character methods and Java Array methods.etc,

Built-in Methods in Java, Java has various categories of built-in methods, Java String methods, Java Number Methods, Java Character methods and Java Array methods.

Built-in Methods in Java

Categories of Built-in Methods

i) String Methods

ii) Number Methods

iii) Character Methods

iv) Array Methods etc…

i) Java String Methods

1) compareTo() Method

It compares two strings and supports a 3-way comparison.
Result Criteria for 3-way comparison

If str1 = str2 then 0
If str1 > str2 then positive value
If str1 < str2 then negative value
——————–
Result Criteria for 2-way comparison

If str1 = str2 then true
If str1 (Greater than or Less than) str2 then false
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Example:

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “selenium”;
String str2 = “SELENIUM”;
String str3 = “seleniuma”;
String str4 = “selenium”;

System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str2));//Positive value
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str3));//Negative value
System.out.println(str1.compareTo(str4));//0
}
}

2) equals () Method

(It compares two strings and supports 2-way comparison)

Example:

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “selenium”;
String str2 = “SELENIUM”;
String str3 = “selenium”;

System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));//false
System.out.println(str1.equals(str3));//true
}
————————————-
3) concat() Method (It concatenates two strings /Joins two strings)

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “Selenium”;
String str2 = “Testing”;

System.out.println(str1.concat(str2));//SeleniumTesting
System.out.println(str1 + str2);//SeleniumTesting
}
——————————
4) charAt() Method (Returns a character by index position)

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “Selenium”;

System.out.println(str1.charAt(1));//e
}
———————————-
5) equalsIgorecase() Method

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “SELENIUM”;
String str2 = “selenium”;
String str3 = “UFT”;
System.out.println(str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2));//true
System.out.println(str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str3));//false
}
—————————
6) toUpperCase () – Converts values to Upper case)

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “SELENIUM”;
String str2 = “selenium”;
String str3 = “SELEnium”;
String str4 = “selenium123”;

System.out.println(str1.toUpperCase());//SELENIUM
System.out.println(str2.toUpperCase());//SELENIUM
System.out.println(str3.toUpperCase());//SELENIUM
System.out.println(str4.toUpperCase());//SELENIUM123
}
————————–
7) toLowerCase() -Converts values to Lower case

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = “SELENIUM”;
String str2 = “selenium”;
String str3 = “SELEnium”;
String str4 = “selenium123”;

System.out.println(str1.toLowerCase());//selenium
System.out.println(str2.toLowerCase());//selenium
System.out.println(str3.toLowerCase());//selenium
System.out.println(str4.toLowerCase());//selenium123
}
—————————————-
8) trim() Method (Removes spaces from both sides of a String)

public static void main (String [] args){
String str1 = ” Selenium “;

System.out.println(str1);
System.out.println(str1.trim());
}
———————————-
9) substring () Method

public static void main (String [] args){
String str = “Welecome to Selenium Testing”;

System.out.println(str.substring(12));//Selenium Testing
System.out.println(str.substring(21));//Testing
System.out.println(str.substring(12, 20));//Selenium
System.out.println(str.substring(9, 11));//to
}
—————————————
10) endsWith() -Ends with specified suffix

public static void main (String [] args){
String str = “Welcome to Selenium Testing”;

System.out.println(str.endsWith(“Selenium Testing”));//true
System.out.println(str.endsWith(“Testing”));//true
System.out.println(str.endsWith(“Selenium”));//false
}
——————————–
11) length() (returns string length)

public static void main (String [] args){
String str = “Selenium Testing”;
String str2 = “Selenium”;
System.out.println(str.length());//16
System.out.println(str2.length());//8
}

ii) Java Number Methods

1) compareTo() Method (Number, 3-way comparison)

public static void main (String [] args){
// Integer class wraps a value of the primitive type int in an object
//An object of type Integer contains a single field whose type is int.

int x = 5;
Integer a =x;
System.out.println(a.compareTo(5));//0
System.out.println(a.compareTo(6));//-1
System.out.println(a.compareTo(4));//1
}
———————————
2) equals() Method (Number, 2-way comparison)

public static void main (String [] args){
// Integer class wraps a value of the primitive type int in an object
//An object of type Integer contains a single field whose type is int.

int x = 5;
Integer a =x;
System.out.println(a.equals(5));//true
System.out.println(a.equals(6));//false
System.out.println(a.equals(4));//false
}
——————————–
3) abs() -Returns absolute value

public static void main (String [] args){
double a =10.234;
double b =-10.784;
System.out.println(Math.abs(a));//10.234
System.out.println(Math.abs(b));//10.784
}
————————————
4) round() -It rounds the value to nearest integer

public static void main (String [] args){
double a =10.234;
double b =-10.784;
double c =10.51;
System.out.println(Math.round(a));//10
System.out.println(Math.round(b));//-11
System.out.println(Math.round(c));//11
}
———————————–
5) min() – Returns minimum value between two numbers

public static void main (String [] args){
int a=10, b=20;
double c =10.234, d =10.345;
System.out.println(Math.min(a, b));//10
System.out.println(Math.min(c, d));//10.234
System.out.println(Math.min(7, 9));//7
System.out.println(Math.min(1.23, 1.234));//1.23
}
———————————
6) max()-Returns maximum value between two numbers

public static void main (String [] args){
int a=10, b=20;
double c =10.234, d =10.345;
System.out.println(Math.max(a, b));//20
System.out.println(Math.max(c, d));//10.345
System.out.println(Math.max(7, 9));//9
System.out.println(Math.max(1.23, 1.234));//1.234
}
————————————-
7) random() – Generates a random number

public static void main (String [] args){
System.out.println(Math.random());//
}

iii) Java Character Methods

1) isLetter() – Checks weather the value is Alphabetic or not?

public static void main (String [] args){
//The Character class wraps a value of primitive data type char is an object

char a =’A’;
char b =’1′;

System.out.println(Character.isLetter(a));//true
System.out.println(Character.isLetter(b));//false
System.out.println(Character.isLetter(‘Z’));//true
System.out.println(Character.isLetter(‘1’));//false
System.out.println(Character.isLetter(‘*’));//false
}
———————
public static void main (String [] args){
//The Character class wraps a value of primitive data type char is an object
char a =’A’;
char b =’1′;
System.out.println(Character.isAlphabetic(a));//true
System.out.println(Character.isAlphabetic(b));//false
System.out.println(Character.isAlphabetic(‘Z’));//true
System.out.println(Character.isAlphabetic(‘1’));//false
System.out.println(Character.isAlphabetic(‘*’));//false
}
——————————
Assignment:

What is the difference between isLetter() and isAlphabetic()
————————————-
2) isDigit() -Checks weather the value is Number or not?

public static void main (String [] args){
//The Character class wraps a value of primitive data type char is an object

char a =’A’;
char b =’1′;
System.out.println(Character.isDigit(a));//false
System.out.println(Character.isDigit(b));//true
System.out.println(Character.isDigit(‘Z’));//false
System.out.println(Character.isDigit(‘1’));//true
System.out.println(Character.isDigit(‘*’));//false
}
——————————-
3) isUpperCase() – Checks weather the value is Upper case or not?

4) isLowerCase()-Checks weather the value is Lower case or not?

Examples:

public static void main (String [] args){
//The Character class wraps a value of primitive data type char is an object

char a =’A’;
char b =’z’;
char c =’1′;

System.out.println(Character.isUpperCase(a));//true
System.out.println(Character.isUpperCase(b));//false
System.out.println(Character.isUpperCase(c));//false

System.out.println(Character.isLowerCase(a));//false
System.out.println(Character.isLowerCase(b));//true
System.out.println(Character.isUpperCase(c));//false
}

iv) Java Array Methods

1) length -It returns length of the Array.

public class Sample1 {

public static void main (String [] args){
int [] array1 = {10, 20, 30, 40};
System.out.println(array1.length);//4
}
}
————————-
2) toString() -It prints an Array.

public static void main (String [] args){
String [] array1 = {“Selenium”, “UFT”, “LoadRunner”, “RFT”};
String str = Arrays.toString(array1);
System.out.println(str);
}
————————————-
3) contains() – Checks if the Array contains a certain value or not?

public static void main (String [] args){
String [] array1 = {“Selenium”, “UFT”, “LoadRunner”, “RFT”};
boolean a = Arrays.asList(array1).contains(“UFT”);
boolean b = Arrays.asList(array1).contains(“Java”);

System.out.println(a);//true
System.out.println(b);//false
}
———————————–
Method syntax:

Object.method()

Class.method

Class/Object.property.method