Introduction to Database Technologies

Introduction to Database Technologies, What is Data?, Data Type, SQL Databases, NoSQL Databases, Big Data, Data Warehouse, and Data Integrity.

Introduction to Database Technologies

1. What is Data?
2. What are the important characteristics of Data?
3. What is Data Type?
4. What is Database?
5. What are the two major types of Databases?
6. What is SQL Database?
7. What is NoSQL?
8. What is Big data?
9. What is Data warehouse?
10. What is Metadata?
11. What is Raw data?
12. What is Master data?
13. Data integrity?
14. What is Real-Time Data (RTD)?

1. What is Data?

Data – a collection of facts that has been translated into a form that computers can process.

Data can be qualitative or quantitative.

Qualitative data is descriptive information (it describes something)
Quantitative data is numerical information (numbers)

Personal data

Personal data is anything that is specific to a person. It covers demographics, location, email address, and other identifying factors.

Organizational data

Organizational Data – is data related to the fundamental characteristics of organizations. Organizational data has many use cases, most notably market research as well as the segmentation of sales and marketing prospects. Organizational data can also be used to augment data of other sorts.

Transactional data

Transactional data is anything that requires an action to collect. You might click on an ad, make a purchase, visit a certain web page, etc.

Sensor data

Sensor data is produced by objects and is often referred to as the Internet of Things.

2. What are the important characteristics of Data?

Data has three characteristics

i. Type of Data
ii. Size of Data
iii. Range of Data

3. What is Data Type?

In computer science, a data type is an attribute of data that tells the compiler or interpreter how the program intends to use the data.

Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers, floating-point numbers, text, characters, and Booleans.

Common examples of data types

String (Ex: India)

Number(Ex: 100)

Floating-point number (Ex: 12.321)

Character (Ex: Y)

Boolean (Ex: True or False)

Date (ex: 03/01/2021)

Void (Ex: No data)

Note: There may also be many more data types depending on the programming language.

4. What is Database?

A database is an organized collection of data so that it can be easily accessed and managed.

5. What are the two major types of Databases?

Basically, we have two types of databases, 

i. SQL Databases or Relational Databases

ii. NoSQL Databases or Non – Relational Databases

6. What is SQL Database?

SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It’s used for relational databases. A SQL database is a collection of tables that stores a specific set of structured data.

Example: Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, IBM DB2, Etc,

7. What is NoSQL?

NoSQL (Not only SQL) databases are non-tabular databases and store data differently than relational tables. NoSQL databases come in a variety of types based on their data model.

The main types are document, key-value, wide-column, and graph. They provide flexible schemas and scale easily with large amounts of data and high user loads.

Examples: MongoDB, CouchDB, HBase, Cassandra, Riak, Etc,

8. What is Big data?

A massive volume of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data that is too large to process using traditional database and software technologies.

Examples Of Big Data: Stock Exchange Data, Social Media,

9. What is Data warehouse?

A data warehouse is a data management system that uses data from multiple sources to promote business intelligence.

10. What is Metadata?

Metadata is a summary of information about a data set.

11. What is Raw data?

Raw data means Information that has been collected but not formatted or analyzed.

12. What is Master data?

Master data is the core data that is absolutely essential for running operations within a business enterprise or unit.

Master data is the set of identifiers that provides context about business data such as location, customer, product, asset, etc.

13. Data integrity?

Data integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data stored in a database or a data warehouse. Data with “integrity” is said to have a complete structure.

14. What is Real-Time Data (RTD)?

Real-Time Data (RTD) is information that is delivered immediately after collection.

An example of real-time is when journalists show live footage from an accident scene.

Marketing campaigns, Financial trading, e-commerce purchases, weather events, utility service usage, geo-location of people and things, etc, are also examples of Real-Time Data.

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